In 1765, a man named James Watt invented something that would change the world. Named after its creator, the Watt engine used steam alternating on both sides of the piston so that it would run more smoothly than its atmospheric predecessors. This is all to say that the Watt engine improved performance for factories everywhere, doubling efficiencies, tripling output, and enabling them to ramp up production at a crucial turning point in human history.
The manufacturing industry has come a long way since then, but the impact Watt’s invention had on the world is as relevant as ever. His engine wasn’t the first to run on steam, but his refinement to steam engine technology made it viable for the first time, decoupling factories and mills from their reliance on water wheels, horses, or wind in favour of coal and wood.
As modern manufacturers navigate the fourth industrial revolution, digital technology is having a similar impact, completely transforming the way the sector operates today.
Digital transformation in manufacturing
Known also as Industry 4.0, the fourth industrial revolution refers to the integration of advanced technologies and digitalisation into the manufacturing sector. It’s a concept driving the use of automation, artificial intelligence (AI), big data, and the Internet of Things (IoT) to optimise production processes and create smart factories. Much like Watt’s engine, this revolution is transforming the way the industry operates, in this case making it more efficient, sustainable, and flexible. With Industry 4.0, machines are capable of communicating with each other and making intelligent decisions, boosting productivity and reducing costs.
But as any manufacturer will tell you, innovation doesn’t happen overnight. While the transformation from Newcomen engines to Watt engines was a significant turning point for manufacturers, almost 260 years ago, it wasn’t without its challenges, requiring much of the sector to reconfigure its production processes to accommodate the new technology. What are the barriers standing between the manufacturing sector and innovation today?